Access Information Attributes of the resource which pertain to how to acquire the resource, availability and storage format. Container Access Rights Access URL Acknowledgement Availability Encoding Format Repository ID Catalog Display Data Numerical Data Access Rights Permissions granted or denied by the host of a product to allow other users to access and use the resource. Enumeration Open Restricted Access Information Access URL Attributes of the method of acquiring a resource including a URL, name and description. Text Description Name URL Access Information Service Acknowledgement The individual, group or organization which should be acknowledged when the data is used in or contributes to a presentation or publication. Text Access Information Resource Header Activity Index An indication, derived from one or more measurements, of the level of activity of an object or region, such as sunspot number, F10.7 flux, Dst, or the Polar Cap Indices. Item Address Directions for finding some location; written on letters or packages that are to be delivered to that location. Text Person Aerosol A suspension of fine solid or liquid particles in gas. Item Alfven Mach Number The ratio of the bulk flow speed to the Alfven speed. Item Alpha Particle A positively charged nuclear particle that consists of two protons and two neutrons. Item Alternate Name An alternative or shortened name used to refer to a resource. This includes acronyms, expanded names or synonym for a resource. Text Resource Header Antenna A sensor used to measure electric potential. Item ASCII A sequence of characters that adheres to American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) which is an 7-bit character-coding scheme. Item Association ID The resource identifier for a resource with which this resource is closely associated. Text Resource Header Atmosphere The neutral gases surrounding a body that extends from the surface and is bound to the body by virtue of the gravitational attraction. Item Atomic Number The the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Numeric Particle Auroral Region The region in the atmospheric where electrically-charged particles bombarding the upper atmosphere of a planet in the presence of a magnetic field produce an opitcal phenomenum. Item Availability An indication of the method or service which may be used to access the resource. Enumeration Offline Online Access Information Average The statistical mean; the sum of a set of values divided by the number of values in the set. Item Average Charge State A measure of the composite deficit (positive) or excess (negative) of electrons with respect to protons. Item AVI Audio Video Interleave (AVI) a digital format for movies that conforms to the Microsoft Windows Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF). Item Azimuthal Angle The horizontal angular distance from a reference direction. For a vector (X,Y,Z) in any coordinate system, the azimuthal angle is arctan(Y/X). Item Azimuthal Angle Range The range of possible azimuthal angles for a group of energy observations. Default units are degrees. Container Bin High Low Units Particle Base64 A data encoding scheme whereby binary-encoded data is converted to printable ASCII characters. It is defined as a MIME content transfer encoding for use in internet e-mail. The only characters used are the upper- and lower-case Roman alphabet characters (A–Z, a–z), the numerals (0–9), and the "+" and "/" symbols, with the "=" symbol as a special suffix (padding) code. Item Bin A grouping of observations according to a band or window of a common attribute. Container High Low Azimuthal Angle Range Energy Range Frequency Range Polar Angle Range Binary A direct representation of the bits which may be stored in memory on a computer. Item Bow Shock Crossing A crossing of the boundary between the undisturbed (except for foreshock effects) solar wind and the shocked, decelerated solar wind of the magnetosheath. Item BZIP2 An open standard algorithm by Julian Seward using Burrows-Wheeler block sorting and Huffman coding. See <http://www.bzip.org/> Item Cadence The time interval between the start of successive measurements. Time Physical Parameter Temporal Description Calibrated Data wherein sensor outputs have been convolved with instrument response function, often irreversibly, to yield physical parameter values. Value Cartesian A coordinate system in which the position of a point is determined by its distance from two or three mutually perpendicular axes. Item Catalog A tabular listing of events or observational notes, especially those that have utility in aiding a user in locating data. Catalogues include lists of events, files in a product, and data availability. Container Access Information Caveats Input Resource ID Instrument ID Keyword Phenomenon Type Provider Resource Name Provider Version Resource Header Resource ID Time Span Spase Caveats Information which may be important in the avoidance of misuse of the resource. This includes things such as instrument maladies, corruption or contamination. Text Catalog Display Data Instrument Numerical Data Physical Parameter CDF Common Data Format (CDF). A binary storage format developed at Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). Item CEF Cluster Exchange Format (CEF) is a self-documenting ASCII format designed for the exchange of data. There are two versions of CEF which are not totally compatible. Item CEF 1 Cluster Exchange Format (CEF), version 1, is a self-documenting ASCII format designed for the exchange of data. The metadata contains information compatible with the ISTP recommendations for CDF. Item CEF 2 Cluster Exchange Format (CEF), version 2, is a self-documenting ASCII format designed for the exchange of data and introduced for Cluster Active Archive. Compared to version 1, the metadata description of vectors and tensors is different. Item CGM Corrected Geomagnetic - A coordinate system from a spatial point with GEO radial distance and geomagnetic latitude and longitude, follow the epoch-appropriate IGRF/DGRF model field vector through to the point where the field line crosses the geomagnetic dipole equatorial plane. Then trace the dipole magnetic field vector Earthward from that point on the equatorial plane, in the same hemisphere as the original point, until the initial radial distance is reached. Designate the dipole latitude and longitude at that point as the CGM latitude and longitude of the original point. See <http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/space/cgm/cgmm_des.html> Item Channeltron An instrument that detects electrons, ions, and UV-radiation, according to the principle of a secondary emission multiplier. It is typically used in electron spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Item Charged Particle Flux Measurements of fluxes of charged or ionized particles at above thermal energies, including relativistic particles of solar and galactic origin. May give simple fluxes, but more complete distributions are sometimes possible. Composition measurements may also be made. Item Chromosphere The region of the Sun's (or a star's) atmosphere above the temperature minimum and below the Transition Region. The solar chromosphere is approximately 400 km to 2100 km above the photosphere, and characterized by temperatures from 4500 - 28000 K. Item Circular Relative to polarization, right-hand circularly polarized light is defined such that the electric field is rotating clockwise as seen by an observer towards whom the wave is moving. Left-hand circularly polarized light is defined such that the electric field is rotating counterclockwise as seen by an observer towards whom the wave is moving. The polarization of magnetohydrodynamic waves is specified with respect to the ambient mean magnetic field : right-hand polarized waves have a transverse electric field component which turns in a right-handed sense (that of the gyrating electrons) around the magnetic field. Item Co-Investigator An individual who is a scientific peer and major participant for an investigation. Item Component A part of a multi-part entity, e.g., the components of a vector. Item Contact The person or organization who may be able to provide special assistance or serve as a channel for communication for additional information about a resource. Container Person ID Role Resource Header Coordinate Representation The method or form for specifying a given point in a given coordinate system Enumeration Cartesian Cylindrical Spherical Coordinate System Coordinate System Specification of the origin and orientation of axes against which the location of some point is given and the representative form of each point. Container Coordinate Representation Coordinate System Name Physical Parameter Coordinate System Name Identifies the coordinate system in which the position, direction or observation has been expressed. Enumeration CGM DM GEI GEO GSE GSEQ GSM HAE HEE HEEQ HG HGI J2000 LGM MAG MFA RTN SC SE SM SR SR2 SSE Coordinate System Corona The outermost atmospheric region of the Sun or a star, characterized by ionization temperatures above 10^5 K. The solar corona starts at about 2100 km above the photosphere; there is no generally defined upper limit. Item Coronal Mass Ejection A solar event which involves a burst of plasma which is ejected from the Sun into the interplanetary medium. Item Counts An enumeration of the number of detection events occurring in a particle detector per unit time or over detector accumulation times. Item Cross Spectrum The Fourier transform of the cross correlation of two physical or empirical observations. Item Cylindrical A system of curvilinear coordinates in which the position of a point in space is determined by its perpendicular distance from a given line, its distance from a selected reference plane perpendicular to this line, and its angular distance from a selected reference line when projected onto this plane. Item Data Producer An individual who generated the resource and is familiar with its provenance. Item Dayside Sunward of a dawn-dusk meridian, either on the surface of, or above, some reference body. Item Description A detailed description of the resource which should include discussions of the main quantities in the resource, possible uses and search terms. A description should also include whether any corrections (i.e, geometry, inertial) have been applied to it. Text Access URL Dimension Information URL Physical Parameter Resource Header Deviation The difference between an observed value and the expected value of a quantity. Item Differential The ratio of the intensity of radiant energy scattered in a given direction to the incident irradiance and thus has dimensions of area per unit solid angle. Item Dimension Attributes of an independent variable or axis associated with the data. Container Description Size Physical Parameter Display Cadence The time interval between the successive display elements. Time Display Data Display Data A graphical representation of data wherein the underlying numeric values are not (readily) accessible for analysis.. Examples are line plots and spectrograms. Container Access Information Caveats Display Cadence Input Resource ID Instrument ID Instrument Region Keyword Measurement Type Observed Region Provider Processing Level Provider Resource Name Provider Version Resource Header Resource ID Spectral Range Temporal Description Spase DM Dipole Meridian - A coordinate system centered at the observation point. Z axis is parallel to the Earth's dipole axis, positive northward. X is in the plane defined by Z and the line linking the observation point with the Earth's center. Y is positive eastward. See <http://cdpp.cnes.fr/00428.pdf> Item Dopplergram A map or image depicting the spatial distribution of line-of-sight velocities of the observed object. Item Double Sphere A dipole antenna of which the active (sensor) elements are small spheres located at the ends of two wires deployed in the equatorial plane, on opposite sides of a spinning spacecraft. Item Dust Free microscopic particles of solid material. Item Dynamic Spectra A three-dimensional representation of successive spectra which allows time evolution to be clearly seen. Time is plotted along the abscissa, frequency (or particle energy) along the ordinate, and the spectral power density (or differential particle flux) is represented by different shades of grey, or color. This representation is also known as a spectrogram. Item Earth The third planet from the sun in our solar system. Enumeration Magnetosheath Magnetosphere Magnetosphere.Magnetotail Magnetosphere.Main Magnetosphere.Polar Magnetosphere.Radiation Belt Near Surface Near Surface.Atmosphere Near Surface.Auroral Region Near Surface.Ionosphere Surface Electric The physical attribute that exerts an electrical force. Item Electric Field Measurements of electric field vectors (sometimes not all components) as a time series. Item Electron An elementary particle consisting of a charge of negative electricity equal to about 1.602 x 10**(-19) Coulomb and having a mass when at rest of about 9.109534 x 10**(-28) gram. Item Electron Drift Instrument An active experiment to measure the electron drift velocity based on sensing the displacement of a weak beam of electrons after one gyration in the ambient magnetic field. Item Electrostatic Analyser An instrument which uses charged plates to analyze the mass, charge and kinetic energies of charged particles which enter the instrument. Item Email The electronic address at which the individual may be contacted expressed in the form "local-part@domain". Text Person Emissivity The ratio of radiant energy from a material to that from a blackbody at the same kinetic temperature Item Encoding A set of unambiguous rules that establishes the representation of information within a file. Enumeration ASCII Base64 BZIP2 GZIP None Unicode ZIP Access Information End Date The specification of a stopping point in time. Date Time Span Energetic Particle Instrument An instrument that measures fluxes of charged particles as a function of time, direction of motion, mass, charge and/or species Item Energetic Particles Pieces of matter that are moving very fast. Energetic particles include protons, electrons, neutrons, neutrinos, the nuclei of atoms, and other sub-atomic particles. Item Energetic Solar Particle Event An enhancement of interplanetary fluxes of energetic ions accelerated by interplanetary shocks and/or solar flares. Item Energy The capacity for doing work as measured by the capability of doing work (potential energy) or the conversion of this capability to motion (kinetic energy) Item Energy Range The minimum and maximum energy values of the particles represented by a given "physical parameter" description. Container Bin High Low Units Particle Equivalent Width The area of the spectral line profile divided by the peak height or depth. Item Exposure The time interval over which an individual measurement is taken. Time Temporal Description Faraday Cup An instrument consisting of an electrode from which electrical current is measured while a charged particle beam (electrons or ions) impinges on it. Used to determine energy spectrum and sometimes ion composition of the impinging particles. Item Field The space around a radiating body within which its electromagnetic attributes can exert force on another similar body that is not in direct contact. Container Field Qualifier Field Quantity Orientation Measured Field Qualifier Characterizes the directional and statistical aspects of the field observation. Enumeration Average Component Deviation Magnitude Peak Perpendicular Variance Vector Field Field Quantity The physical attribute of the field. Enumeration Cross Spectrum Electric Magnetic Potential Poynting Flux Field Fit Values that make an model agree with the data. Item FITS Flexible Image Transport System (FITS) is a digital format primarily designed to store scientific data sets consisting of multi-dimensional arrays (1-D spectra, 2-D images or 3-D data cubes) and 2-dimensional tables containing rows and columns of data. Item Flux In radiation studies, this refers to the amount of radiant energy passing through a unit area Item Flux Feedback A search coil whose bandwidth and signal/noise ratio are increased by the application of negative feedback at the sensor (flux) level by driving a collocated coil with a signal from the preamplifier. Item Forbush Decrease A rapid decrease in the observed galactic cosmic ray intensity following the passage of an outwardly convecting interplanetary magnetic field disturbance, such as those associated with large CME's, that sweep some galactic cosmic rays away from Earth. Item Format The organization of data according to preset specifications. The value is selected from a list of accepted names for known, well documented formats. Enumeration AVI Binary CDF CEF CEF 1 CEF 2 FITS GIF HDF HDF 4 HDF 5 HTML IDFS IDL JPEG MATLAB_4 MATLAB_6 MATLAB_7 MPEG NCAR NetCDF PDF PNG QuickTime Text TIFF UDF VOTable XML Access Information Fourier Transform Spectrograph An instrument that determines the spectra of a radiative source, using time-domain measurements and a Fourier transform. Item Frequency (1) The number of occurrences within a given time period. (2) Vibrations per second of the photon field; may be given as a single number, multiple numbers, or as ranges. Item Frequency Range The range of possible values for the observed frequency. Container Bin High Low Units Photon Gamma Rays Photons with a wavelength range: 0.00001 to 0.001 nm Item GEI Geocentric Equatorial Inertial - A coordinate system where the Z axis is along Earth's spin vector, positive northward. X axis points towards the first point of Aries (from the Earth towards the Sun at the vernal equinox). See Russell, 1971 Item General Contact An individual who can provide information on a range of subjects or who can direct you to a domain expert. Item GEO Geographic - geocentric corotating - A coordinate system where the Z axis is along Earth's spin vector, positive northward. X axis lies in Greenwich meridian, positive towards Greenwich. See Russell, 1971. Item Geomagnetic Storm A magnetospheric disturbance typically defined by variations in the horizontal component of the Earth's surface magnetic field. The variation typically starts with a field enhancement associated with a solar wind pressure pulse and continues with a field depression associated with an enhancement of the diamagnetic magnetospheric ring current. Item GIF Graphic Interchange Format (GIF) first introduced in 1987 by CompuServe. GIF uses LZW compression and images are limited to 256 colours. Item Granule An accessible portion of another resource. The ParentID of a Granule resource must be a NumericalData resource. The attributes of a Granule supersede the corresponding attributes in the NumericalData resource. Container Parent ID Release Date Resource ID Start Date Stop Date URL Spase GSE Geocentric Solar Ecliptic - A coordinate system where the X axis is from Earth to Sun. Z axis is normal to the ecliptic, positive northward. See Russell, 1971. Item GSEQ Geocentric Solar Equatorial - A coordinate system where the X axis is from Earth to Sun. Y axis is parallel to solar equatorial plane. Z axis is positive northward. See Russell, 1971 Item GSM Geocentric Solar Magnetospheric - A coordinate system where the X axis is from Earth to Sun, Z axis is northward in a plane containing the X axis and the geomagnetic dipole axis. See Russell, 1971 Item GZIP An open standard algorithm distributed by GHU based on LZ77 and Huffman coding. See <http://www.gnu.org/software/gzip/gzip.html> or <http://www.gzip.org/> Item H TheHierarchical Data Format Item HAE Heliocentric Aries Ecliptic - A coordinate system where the Z axis is normal to the ecliptic plane, positive northward. X axis is positive towards the first point of Aries (from Earth to Sun at vernal equinox). Same as SE below. See Hapgood, 1992. Item Hard X-rays Photons with a wavelength range: 0.001 to 0.1 nm Item HDF Hierarchical Data Format Item HDF 4 Hierarchical Data Format, Version 4 Item HDF 5 Hierarchical Data Format, Version 5 Item Heat Flux Flow of thermal energy through a gas or plasma; typically computed as third moment of a distribution function. Item HEE Heliocentric Earth Ecliptic - A coordinate system where the Z axis is normal to the ecliptic plane, positive northward. X axis points from Sun to Earth. See Hapgood, 1992 Item HEEQ Heliocentric Earth Equatorial - A coordinate system where the Z axis is normal to the solar equatorial plane, positive northward. X axis is generally Earthward in the plane defined by the Z axis and the Sun-Earth direction. See Hapgood, 1992. Item Heliosphere The solar atmosphere extending roughly from the outer corona to the edge of the solar plasma at the heliopause separating primarily solar plasma from interstellar plasma. Enumeration Inner Near Earth Outer Remote 1AU HG Heliographic - A heliocentric rotating coordinate system where the Z axis is normal to the solar equatorial plane, positive northward. X, Y axes rotate with a 25.38 day period. The zero longitude (X axis) is defined as the longitude that passed through the ascending node of the solar equator on the ecliptic plane on 1 January, 1854 at 12 UT. See <http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/space/helios/coor_des.html> Item HGI Heliographic Inertial - A heliocentric coordinate system where the Z axis is normal to the solar equatorial plane, positive northward. X axis is along the intersection line between solar equatorial and ecliptic planes. The X axis was positive at SE longitude of 74.367 deg on Jan 1, 1900. (See SE below.) See <http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/space/helios/coor_des.html> Item High The largest value within a range of possible values. Numeric Azimuthal Angle Range Bin Energy Range Frequency Range Polar Angle Range High Latitude The region located poleward of 60 degrees of latitude. Item HTML A text file containing structured information represented in the HyperText Mark-up Language (HTML). See <http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/> Item IDFS Instrument Data File Set (IDFS) is a set of files written in a prescribed format which contain data, timing data, and meta-data. IDFS was developed at Southwest Research Institute (SwRI). Item IDL Interactive Data Language (IDL) save set. IDL is a proprietary format. Item Image Intensity Measurements of the two-dimensional distribution of the intensity of photons from some region or object such as the Sun or the polar auroral regions; can be in any wavelength band, and polarized, etc. Item Imager An instrument which samples the radiation from an area at one or more spectral ranges emitted or reflected by an object. Item Information URL Attributes of the method of acquiring additional information. Container Description Name URL Resource Header Infrared Photons with a wavelength range: 760 to 1.00x10^6 nm Item Inner The region of the heliosphere extending radially out from the "surface" of the Sun to 1 AU. Item Input Resource ID The resource identifier for a resource which was used to generate this resource. Text Catalog Display Data Numerical Data Instrument A device which is used to sense and parameterize a physical phenomenon. Container Caveats Instrument Type Investigation Name Observatory ID Resource Header Resource ID Spase Instrument ID The identifier of an Instrument resource. Text Catalog Display Data Numerical Data Instrument Region The portion of space occupied by the instrument at the time of an observation. A region is distinguished by certain natural features or physical characteristics. Enumeration Display Data Numerical Data Instrument Type A characterization of an integrated collection of software and hardware containing one or more sensors and associated controls used to produce data on an environment. Enumeration Antenna Channeltron Double Sphere Electron Drift Instrument Electrostatic Analyser Energetic Particle Instrument Faraday Cup Flux Feedback Fourier Transform Spectrograph Imager Langmuir Probe Long Wire Magnetometer Mass Spectrometer Microchannel Plate Monopole Particle Correlator Quadrispherical Analyser Radar Resonance Sounder Search Coil Spacecraft Potential Control Spectral Power Receiver Spectrometer Waveform Receiver Instrument Integral The summation of values over a given area or range. Item Intensity The amount of energy transmitted by electromagnetic radiation, for example, the number of photons arriving in a given time. Item Interior The region inside the body which is not visible from outside the body. Item Interplanetary Shock A shock propagating generally antisunward through the slower solar wind, often seen in front of CME-associated plasma clouds. Item Investigation Name The name given to the contract or engagement which enabled the data to be produced. Each investigation is associated with a Principal Investigator or Guest Investigator who was responsible for the original proposal. For single PI missions each major subsystem having its own identified Team Leader may also be classed as an "Investigation" for the purposes of data archiving. Text Instrument Ion An atom that has acquired a net electric charge by gaining or losing one or more electrons.(Note: Z>2) Item Ion Composition In situ measurements of the relative flux or density of electrically charged particles in the space environment. May give simple fluxes, but full distribution functions are sometimes measured. Item Ionosphere The charged or ionized gases surrounding a body that are nominally bound to the body by virtue of the gravitational attraction.. Item Irradiance A radiometric term for the power of electromagnetic radiation at a surface, per unit area. "Irradiance" is used when the electromagnetic radiation is incident on the surface. The SI unit of irradiance is watts per square meter (W·m-2). Item J2000 An astronomical coordinate system which uses the mean equator and equinox of Julian date 2451545.0 TT (Terrestrial Time), or January 1, 2000, noon TT. (aka J2000) to define a celestial reference frame. Item JPEG A binary format for still images defined by the Joint Photographic Experts Group Item Keyword A word or phrase that is relevant to the resource but does not exist in other documentary information. Text Catalog Display Data Numerical Data Langmuir Probe A monopole antenna associated with an instrument. The instrument applies a potential to the antenna which is swept to determine the voltage/current characteristic. This provides information about the plasma surrounding the probe and spacecraft. Item LGM Local Geomagnetic - A coordinate system used mainly for Earth surface or near Earth surface magnetic field data. X axis northward from observation point in a geographic meridian. Z axis downward towards Earth's center. In this system, H (total horizontal component) = SQRT (Bx**2 + By**2) and D (declination angle) = arctan (By/Bx) Item Line Depth In spectra, a measure of the amount of absorption for a particular wavelength or frequency in the spectrum Item Line of Sight The line of sight is the line that connects the observer with the observed object. This expression is often used with measurements of Doppler velocity and magnetic field in magnetograms, where only the component of the vector field directed along the line of sight is measured. Item Linear Relative to polarization, confinement of the E-field vector to a given plane Item Long Wire A dipole antenna whose active (sensor) elements are two wires deployed in the equatorial plane on opposite sides of a spinning spacecraft, and whose length is several times greater than the spacecraft diameter. Item Low The smallest value within a range of possible values. Numeric Azimuthal Angle Range Bin Energy Range Frequency Range Polar Angle Range Low Latitude The region located at or anti-poleward of 60 degrees of latitude. Item MAG Geomagnetic - geocentric. Z axis is parallel to the geomagnetic dipole axis, positive north. X is in the plane defined by the Z axis and the Earth's rotation axis. If N is a unit vector from the Earth's center to the north geographic pole, the signs of the X and Y axes are given by Y = N x Z, X = Y x Z.. See Russell, 1971, and <http://cdpp.cnes.fr/00428.pdf> Item Magnetic The physical attribute attributed to a magnet or its equivalent. Item Magnetic Field Measurements of magnetic field vectors (sometimes not all components) as time series; can be space- or ground-based. Also, [Zeeman splitting, etc. based]: A region of space near a magnetized body where magnetic forces can be detected [as measured by methods such as Zeeman splitting, etc.] Item Magnetogram Measurements of the vector or line-of-sight magnetic field determined from remote sensing measurements of the detailed structure of spectral lines, including their splitting and polarization. ("Magnetogram.") Item Magnetometer An instrument which measures the ambient magnetic field. Item Magnetopause Crossing A crossing of the interface between the shocked solar wind in the magnetosheath and the magnetic field and plasma in the magnetosphere. Item Magnetosheath The region between the bow shock and the magnetopause, characterized by very turbulent plasma. Item Magnetosphere The region of space above the atmosphere or surface of the planet, and bounded by the magnetopause, that is under the direct influence of the planet's magnetic field. Enumeration Magnetotail Main Polar Radiation Belt Magnetotail The region on the night side of the body where the magnetic filed is stretched backwards by the force of the solar wind. For Earth, the magnetotail begins at a night-side radial distance of 10 Re (X > -10Re). Item Magnitude A measure of the strength or size of a vector quantity. Item Main The region of the magnetosphere where the magnetic field lines are closed, but does not include the gaseous region gravitationally bound to the body. Item Mass The measure of inertia (mass) of individual objects (e.g., aerosols). Item Mass Density The mass of particles per unit volume. Item Mass Spectrometer An instrument which distinguishes chemical species in terms of their different isotopic masses. Item MATLAB_4 MATLAB Workspace save set, version 4. MAT-files are double-precision, binary, MATLAB format files. MATLAB is a proprietary product of The MathWorks. Item MATLAB_6 MATLAB Workspace save set, version 6. MAT-files are double-precision, binary, MATLAB format files. MATLAB is a proprietary product of The MathWorks. Item MATLAB_7 MATLAB Workspace save set, version 7. MAT-files are double-precision, binary, MATLAB format files. Version 7 includes data compression and Unicode encoding. MATLAB is a proprietary product of The MathWorks. Item Measured Attributes of observations obtained from an instrument or sensor. Container Field Mixed Particle Photon Physical Parameter Measurement Type A characterization of the quantitative assessment of a phenomenon. Enumeration Activity Index Charged Particle Flux Dopplergram Dynamic Spectra Electric Field Energetic Particles Image Intensity Ion Composition Irradiance Magnetic Field Magnetogram Neutral Atom Images Neutral Gas Profile Radiance Radio and Plasma Waves Radio Soundings Thermal Plasma Display Data Numerical Data MFA Magnetic Field Aligned - A coordinate system spacecraft-centered system with Z in the direction of the ambient magnetic field vector. X is in the plane defined by Z and the spacecraft-Sun line, positive sunward. See <http://cdpp.cnes.fr/00428.pdf> Item Microchannel Plate An instrument used for the detection of elementary particles, ions, ultraviolet rays and soft X-rays constructed from very thin conductive glass capillaries. Item Microwave Photons with a wavelength range: 1.00x10^6 to 1.50x10^7 nm Item Mixed A measured observation which is derived from a combination of two or more individual measurements. Text Measured Mode Amplitude In helioseismology the magnitude of oscillation of waves of a particular geometry. Item Molecule A group of atoms so united and combined by chemical affinity that they form a complete, integrated whole, being the smallest portion of any particular compound that can exist in a free state Item Moment Parameters determined by integration over a distribution function convolved with a power of velocity. Item MPEG A digital format for movies defined by the Motion Picture Experts Group Item Name A language unit by which a person or thing is known. Text Access URL Information URL Physical Parameter NCAR The National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) format. A complete description of that standard is given in appendix C of the "Report on Establishment & Operation of the Incoherent- Scatter Data Base", dated August 23, 1984, obtainable from NCAR, P.O. Box 3000 Boulder, Colorado 80307-3000. Item Near Earth The heliospheric region near the Earth which extends to and includes the area near the L1 and L2 Lagrange point. Item Near Surface The gaseous and possibly ionized environment of a body extending from the surface to some specified altitude. For the Earth, this altitude is 2000 km. Enumeration Atmosphere Auroral Region Ionosphere NetCDF Unidata Program Center's Network Common Data Form (NetCDF). A self-describing data portable data format for array-oriented data access. See <http://my.unidata.ucar.edu/content/software/netcdf> Item Neutral Either a particle, an object, or a system that has a net electric charge of zero Item Neutral Atom Images Measurements of neutral atom fluxes as a function of look direction; often related to remote energetic charged particles that lose their charge through charge-exchange and then reach the detector on a line. Item Neutral Gas Measurements of neutral atomic and molecular components of a body and its surrounding environments. Item Nightside Anti-Sunward of a dawn-dusk meridian, either on the surface of, or above, some reference body. Item None A lack or absence of anything. Item Number Density The number of particles per unit volume. Item Numerical Data Data stored as numerical values in a specified format. Container Access Information Caveats Input Resource ID Instrument ID Instrument Region Keyword Measurement Type Observed Region Physical Parameter Provider Processing Level Provider Resource Name Provider Version Resource Header Resource ID Spectral Range Temporal Description Spase Observatory The host (spacecraft, network, facility) for instruments making observations. Container Observatory Group Resource Header Resource ID Spase Observatory Group A set of programmatically related observatories. The value is taken from an approved list of observatory group names. Text Observatory Observatory ID The identifier of an Observatory resource. Text Instrument Observed Region The portion of space measured by the instrument at the time of an observation. A region is distinguished by certain natural features or physical characteristics. It is the location of the observatory for in situ data, the location or region sensed by remote sensing observatories and the location-of-relevance for parameters that are derived from observational data. Enumeration Display Data Numerical Data Offline Not directly accessible electronically. This includes resources which may to be moved to an online status in response to a given request. Text Medium Online Directly accessible electronically. Item Open Access is granted to everyone. Item Optical Photons with a wavelength range: 380 to 760 nm Item Organization Name A unit within a company or other entity (e.g., Government agency or branch of service) within which many projects are managed as a whole. Text Person Orientation The direction within a coordinate system. Enumeration H Phi R Theta X Y Z Field Positional Other Values, such as flags, that are not time tags, location data or measured or derived parameters. Text Support Outer The region of the heliosphere from, but not including, 1 AU to the farthest extent of the heliosphere (heliopause). Item Parallel Having the same direction as a given direction Item Parameter Key The name or identfier which can be used to access the parameter in the resource. The associated value is dependent on the service used to access the resource. Text Physical Parameter Parent ID The resource identifier for a resource that a resource is a part of. The resource inherits the attributes of the referenced resource. Attributes defined in the resource override attributes of the parent in the manner perscribed by the containing resource. Text Granule Particle A description of the types of particles observed in the measurement. This includes both direct observations and inferred observations. Container Atomic Number Azimuthal Angle Range Energy Range Particle Qualifier Particle Quantity Particle Type Polar Angle Range Measured Particle Correlator An instrument which correlates particle flux to help identify wave/particle interactions. Item Particle Qualifier Characterizes the directional and statistical aspects of the particle observation. Enumeration Average Component Deviation Differential Fit Integral Magnitude Moment Parallel Peak Perpendicular Ratio Variance Vector Particle Particle Quantity A characterization of the physical properties of the particle. Enumeration Alfven Mach Number Average Charge State Counts Flux Heat Flux Mass Mass Density Number Density Phase-Space Density Plasma Beta Pressure Sonic Mach Number Temperature Thermal Speed Velocity Particle Particle Type A characterization of the kind of particle observed by the measurement. Enumeration Aerosol Alpha Particle Dust Electron Ion Molecule Neutral Proton Particle PDF A document expressed in the Portable Document Format (PDF) as defined by Adobe. Item Peak The maximum value for the quantity in question, over a period of time which is usually equal to the cadence. Item Perpendicular At right angles to a given direction. Item Person An individual human being. Container Address Email Organization Name Person Name Phone Number Release Date Resource ID Spase Person ID The identifier assigned to a Person description. Text Contact Person Name The words used to address an individual. Text Person Phase-Space Density The number of particles per unit volume in the six-dimensional space of position and velocity. Item Phenomenon Type The characteristics or categorization of an event type. Enumeration Aurora Bow Shock Crossing Coronal Mass Ejection Energetic Solar Particle Event Forbush Decrease Geomagnetic Storm Interplanetary Shock Magnetopause Crossing Solar Flare Solar Wind Extreme Statistics Catalog Phi The component of a vector in a sperical coordinate system in the direction of the angle between the x-axis and the line from the origin to the measured point. Item Phone Number The symbols and numerals required to contact an individual by telephone. The string may contain punctuation marks such as dash (-) or dot (.) to separate fields within the string. Text Person Photon Photon (radio through gamma-rays): the fundamental particle or quantum of electromagnetic radiation (radiant energy) Container Frequency Range Photon Qualifier Photon Quantity Measured Photon Qualifier Characterizes the directional and statistical aspects of the photon observation. Enumeration Average Circular Line of Sight Linear Peak Stoke's Parameters Variance Vector Photon Photon Quantity A characterization of the physical properties of the photon. Enumeration Emissivity Equivalent Width Flux Intensity Line Depth Magnetic Field Mode Amplitude Polarization Stoke's Parameters Velocity Photon Photosphere The atmospheric layer of the Sun or a star from which continuum radiation, especially optical, is emitted to space. For the Sun, the photosphere is about 500 km thick. Item Physical Parameter A container of information regarding a parameter whose values are part of the product. Every product contains or can be related to one or more parameters. Container Cadence Caveats Coordinate System Description Dimension Measured Name Parameter Key Support Units Units Conversion Numerical Data Plasma Beta The ratio of the plasma pressure to the magnetic pressure. Item PNG A digital format for still images. Portable Network Graphics (PNG) Item Polar The region near the pole of a body. For a magnetosphere the polar region is the area where magnetic field lines are open and includes the aural zone. Item Polar Angle The angle between the Z axis and the given vector direction. Item Polar Angle Range The range of possible polar angles for a group of energy observations. Defaults units are degrees. Container Bin High Low Units Particle Polarization Direction of the electric vector of an electromagnetic wave. The wave can be linearly polarized in any direction perpendicular to the direction of travel, circularly polarized (clockwise or counterclockwise), unpolarized, or mixtures of the above. Item Positional The specification of the location of an object or measurement within a reference coordinate system. The position is usually expressed as a set of values corresponding to the location along a set of orthogonal axes together with the date/time of the observation. Container Orientation Support Potential A field which obeys Laplace's Equation. Item Poynting Flux The rate of energy transport per unit area per steradian. Item Pressure The force per unit area exerted by a particle distribution or field. Item Principal Investigator An individual who is the administrative and scientific lead for an investigation. Item Profile Measurements of a quantity as a function of height above an object such as the limb of a body. Item Project Scientist An individual who is an expert in the phenomenon and related physics explored by the project. A project scientist may also have a manageral role within the project. Item Proton An elementary particle that is a constituent of all atomic nuclei, that carries a positive charge numerically equal to the charge of an electron, and that has a mass of 1.673 x 10**(-24) gram. Item Provider ID The identifier for a Contact resource for the person or organization who provided the resource. Item Provider Processing Level The provider specific classification of the processing performed on the product. Text Display Data Numerical Data Provider Release Date The date the product was made available by the provider. The Provider Release Date is relevant only to the product life-cycle of the provider. Date Provider Resource Name A short textual description of a resource used by the provider which may be used to identify a resource. Text Catalog Display Data Numerical Data Provider Version Describes the release or edition of the product used by the provider. The formation rule may vary between providers. It is intended to aid in queries to the provider regarding the product. Text Catalog Display Data Numerical Data Quadrispherical Analyser An instrument used for the 3-D detection of plasma, energetic electrons and ions, and for positive-ion composition measurements. Item QuickTime A format for digital movies, as defined by Apple Computer. See <http://developer.apple.com/quicktime/> Item R The component of a vector along in the radial direction in a spherical system. Item Radar An instrument which uses radar to obtain an image of an object. Item Radiance A radiometric measurement that describe the amount of electromagnetic radiation that passes through or is emitted from a particular area, and falls within a given solid angle in a specified direction. They are used to characterize both emission from diffuse sources and reflection from diffuse surfaces. The SI unit of radiance is watts per steradian per square meter (W·sr-1·m-2). Item Radiation Belt The region within a magnetosphere where high-energy particles could potentially be trapped in a magnetic field. Item Radio and Plasma Waves Measurements of electric and/or magnetic fields using electric or magnetic antennas at frequencies anywhere between the spacecraft spin frequency and the characteristic frequencies of the ambient plasma. The output can be waveform, power spectral density, or other statistical parameters. Item Radio Frequency Photons with a wavelength range: 100,000 to 1.00x10^11 nm Item Radio Soundings Measurements of plasma density, magnetic field and possibly other parameters of the space environment by active probing of the plasma by radio waves. Item Ratio The relative magnitudes of two quantities. Item Registry A location or facility where resources are cataloged. Container Resource Header Resource ID Spase Relative End Date An indication of the nominal end date relative to the present. Time Time Span Release Date The point in time when an item is made available. Date Granule Person Resource Header Remote 1AU The heliospheric region near the Earth's orbit, but exclusive of the region near the Earth. Item Repository A location or facility where resources are stored. Container Resource Header Resource ID Spase Resonance Sounder A combination of a radio receiver and a pulsed transmitter used to study the plasma surrounding a spacecraft by identifying resonances or cut-offs (of the wave dispersion relation), whose frequencies are related to the ambient plasma density and magnetic field. When the transmitter is off it is essentially a high frequency-resolution spectral power receiver. Item Resource Header Attributes of a resource which pertain to the provider of the resource and descriptive information about the resource. Container Acknowledgement Alternate Name Association ID Contact Description Information URL Release Date Resource Name Catalog Display Data Instrument Numerical Data Observatory Registry Repository Service Resource ID A Resource ID is a URI that has the form "scheme://authority/path" where "scheme" is "spase" for those resources administered through the SPASE framework, "authority" is the unique identifier for the resource provider registered within the SPASE framework and "path" is the unique identifier of the resource within the context of the "authority". The resource ID must be unique within the SPASE framework. Text Catalog Display Data Granule Instrument Numerical Data Observatory Person Registry Repository Service Resource Name A short textual description of a resource which may be useful when read by a person. Text Resource Header Restricted Access to the product is regulated and requires some form of identification. Item Role The assigned or assumed function or position of an individual. Enumeration Co-Investigator Data Producer General Contact Principal Investigator Project Scientist Scientist Team Leader Team Member Technical Contact Contact RTF Rich Text Format (RTF). Structured information as defined by Microsoft. Item RTN Radial Tangential Normal. Typically centered at a spacecraft. Used for IMF and plasma V vectors. R (radial) axis is radially away from the Sun, T (tangential) axis is normal to the plane formed by R and the Sun's spin vector, positive in the direction of planetary motion. N (normal) is R x T. Item SC Spacecraft - A coordinate system defined by the spacecraft geometry and/or spin. Often has Z axis parallel to spacecraft spin vector. X and Y axes may or may not corotate with the spacecraft. See SR and SR2 below. Item Scientist An individual who is an expert in the phenomenon and related physics represented by the resource. Item SE Solar Ecliptic - A heliocentric coordinate system where the Z axis is normal to the ecliptic plane, positive northward. X axis is positive towards the first point of Aries (from Earth to Sun at vernal equinox). Same as HAE above. See <http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/space/helios/coor_des.html> Item Search coil A loop of wire used to determine the time variation of the magnetic flux threading the loop by measurement of the electric potential difference induced between the ends of the wire. Item Service A location or facility that can perform a well defined task. Container Access URL Resource Header Resource ID Spase SGI Binary data compatible with Silicon Graphic platforms. Item Size The physical dimensions, proportions, magnitude, or extent of an object.. Count Dimension SM Solar Magnetic - A geocentric coordinate system where the Z axis is northward along Earth's dipole axis, X axis is in plane of z axis and Earth-Sun line, positive sunward. See Russell, 1971. Item Soft X-rays Range: 0.1 <= x < 10 nm; Conventional abbreviation: XUV Item Solar Flare An explosive event in the Sun's atmosphere which produces electromagnetic radiation across the electromagnetic spectrum at multiple wavelengths from long-wave radio to the shortest wavelength gamma rays. Item Solar Wind Extreme Intervals of unusually large or small values of solar wind attributes such as flow speed and ion density. Item Sonic Mach Number The ratio of the bulk flow speed to the speed of sound in the medium. Item Spacecraft Potential Control An instrument to control the electric potential of a spacecraft with respect to the ambient plasma by emitting a variable current of positive ions. Item SPASE Space Physics Archive Search and Extract (SPASE). The outermost container or envelope for SPASE metadata. This indicates the start of the SPASE metadata. Container Catalog Display Data Granule Instrument Numerical Data Observatory Person Registry Repository Service Version Spatial Range A description, in an appropriate coordinate system, of the positions of the elements of an image; may be done using a reference and relative positions, or with bins giving the description of a 2-D grid. Item Spectral Power Receiver A radio receiver which determines the power spectral density of the electric or magnetic field, or both, at one or more frequencies. Item Spectral Range The general term used to describe wavelengths or frequencies within a given span of values for those quantities. Enumeration Gamma Rays Hard X-rays Infrared Microwave Optical Radio Frequency Ultraviolet X-Rays Display Data Numerical Data Spectrometer An instrument that measures the component wavelengths of light or other electromagnetic radiation into its component wavelengths. Item Spectrum Measurements of the intensity of radiation as a function of frequency or wavelength. Item Spherical A system of curvilinear coordinates characterized by an azimuthal angle (longitude), a polar angle (latitude), and a distance (radius) from a point to the origin. Item SR Spin Reference - A special case of a Spacecraft (SC) coordinate system for a spinning spacecraft. Z is parallel to the spacecraft spin vector. X and Y rotate with the spacecraft. See <http://cdpp.cnes.fr/00428.pdf> Item SR2 Spin Reference 2 - A special case of a Spacecraft (SC) coordinate system for a spinning spacecraft. Z is parallel to the spacecraft spin vector. X is in the plane defined by Z and the spacecraft-Sun line, positive sunward. See <http://cdpp.cnes.fr/00428.pdf> Item SSE Spacecraft Solar Ecliptic - A coordinate system used for deep space spacecraft, for example Helios. - X axis from spacecraft to Sun. Z axis normal to ecliptic plane, positive northward. Note: Angle between normals to ecliptic and to Helios orbit plane ~ 0.25 deg. Item Start Date The specification of a starting point in time. Date Granule Time Span Statitics Measurements of attributes of a sample from a population. Item Stoke's Parameters The four coordinates (usually called I, Q, U, and V) relative to a particular basis for the representation of the polarization state of an electromagnetic wave propagating through space. Item Sun The star upon which our solar system is centered. Enumeration Chromosphere Corona Interior Photosphere Transition Region Support Information useful in understanding the context of an observation, typically observed or measured coincidentally with a physical observation. Container Other Positional Temporal Physical Parameter Surface The outermost area of a solid object. Item Team Leader An individual who is the scientific and administrative lead for an investigation. Item Team Member An individual who is a major participant in an investigation. Item Technical Contact An individual who can provide specific information with regard to the resource or supporting software Item Temperature A measure of the kinetic energy of random motion with respect to the average. Temperature is properly defined only for an equilibrium particle distribution (Maxwellian distribution). Item Temporal Pertaining to time. Text Support Temporal Description A characterization of the time over which the measurement was taken. Container Cadence Exposure Time Span Display Data Numerical Data TeX A document expressed in the typesetting language TeX originally defined by Donald Knuth. Item Text ASCII text Item Thermal Plasma Measurements of the plasma in the energy regime where the most of the plasma occurs. May be the basic fluxes in the form of distribution functions or the derived bulk parameters (density, flow velocity, etc.). Item Thermal Speed For a Maxwellian distribution, the difference between the mean speed and the speed within which ~69% (one sigma) of all the members of the speed distribution occur. Item Theta The component of a vector in a sperical coordinate system in the direction of the angle between the z-axis and the line from the origin to the measured point. In a cylindical coordinate system it is the angle between the x-axis and the line from the origin to the point. Item TIFF A binary format for still pictures. Tagged Image Format File (TIFF). Originally developed by Aldus and now controlled by Adobe. Item Time Span The duration of an interval in time. Container End Date Relative End Date Start Date Catalog Temporal Description Transition Region A very narrow (<100 km) layer between the chromosphere and the corona where the temperature rises abruptly from about 8000 to about 500,000 K. Item UDF Universal Data Format (UDF). The Optical Technology Storage Association's Universal Disk Format, based on ISO 13346. See <http://www.osta.org/specs/index.htm> Item Ultraviolet Photons with a wavelength range: 10 to 400 nm Item Uncalibrated Duplicate data are removed from the data stream and data are time ordered. Values are not adjusted for any potential biases or external factors. Item Unicode Text in multi-byte Unicode format. Item Units A description of the standardized measurement increments in which a value is specified. The description is represented as a mathematical phrase. Individual units within the phrase must conform to the International System of Units (SI) which is maintained by BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures. See <http://www.bipm.fr/> ). The symbol associated with a unit should be used in the phrase. Within the phrase the circumflex (^) is used to indicate a power, a star (*) is used to indicate multiplication and a slash (/) division. When symbols are not separated by a mathematical operator, multiplication is assumed. Symbols for base units can be found at: <http://www.bipm.fr/en/si/si_brochure/chapter2/2-1/#symbols> and those for common derived units can be found at: <http://www.bipm.fr/en/si/derived_units/2-2-2.html> Text Azimuthal Angle Range Energy Range Frequency Range Physical Parameter Polar Angle Range Units Conversion The multiplicative factor for converting a unit into International System of Units (SI) units. The factor is expressed in the form "number > x", where "number" is a numerical value and "x" is the appropriate SI units. The basic SI units are Enumerated: m (meter), N (newton), kg (kilogram), Pa (pascal), s (second), Hz (hertz), A (ampere), V (volt), K (kelvin), W (watt), rad (radian), J (joule), sr (steradian), C (coulomb), T (tesla), ohm (ohm), mho (mho or seimens), H (henry), and F (farad). Two useful units which are not SI units are: degree (angle), and unitless (no units). An example is: "1.0E-5>T" which converts the units, presumable nT, to tesla. Another example is: "1.0e-1>km/s" which converts a velocity expressed in meters per second to kilometers per second. Text Physical Parameter URL Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is the global address of documents and other resources on the World Wide Web. The first part of the address indicates what protocol to use, and the second part specifies the IP address or the domain name where the resource is located followed by the pathname of the resource. A URL is specified in the form protocol://server.domain.name:port/pathname. Example protocols are HTTP or FTP, server domain name is the Internet name. Text Access URL Granule Information URL Variance A measure of dispersion of a set of data points around their mean value. The expectation value of the squared deviations from the mean. Item Vector A quantity having both magnitude and direction, e.g. displacement, velocity, acceleration and force. Item Velocity Rate of change of position. Also used for the average velocity of a collection of particles, also referred to as "bulk velocity". Item Version Indicates the release identifier. When used to indicate the release of the SPASE data model, it is a in the form Major.Minor.Fix where Major: A significant change in the architecture of the model or rewrite of the implementation. This includes major changes in design or implementation language. This number starts at 0 (zero). Minor: An addition of terms or features that require changes in documentation/external API. This number starts at 0 (zero). Fix: Any change that doesn't require documentation/external API changes. This number starts at 0 (zero). Text Spase VOTable A proposed XML standard designed as a flexible storage and exchange format for tabular data. Item Waveform Receiver A radio receiver which outputs the value of one or more components of the electric and/or magnetic field as a function of time. Item Wavelength The distance between successive points of equal amplitude and phase on a wave (for example, crest to crest or trough to trough) Item Wavenumber A quantity that is inversely proportional to the wavelength of a wave. Item X The component of a vector along the X-axis in a cartessian coordinate system. Item X-Rays Photons with a wavelength range: 0.001 <= x < 10 nm Item XDR Binary data in the eXternal Data Representation (XDR) format. See RFC 1014 <http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1014.html> Item XML eXtensible Mark-up Language (XML). A structured format for representing information. See <http://www.w3.org/XML/> Item Y The component of a vector along the Y-axis in a cartessian coordinate system. Item Z The component of a vector along the Z-axis in a cartessian coordinate system. Item ZIP An open standard for compression which is a variation of the LZW method and was originally used in the PKZIP utility. Item